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Solar chromospheric spicules from the leakage of photospheric oscillations and flows
De Pontieu, Bart; Erdélyi, Robert; James, Stewart P.
Spicules are dynamic jets propelled upwards (at speeds of ~20kms-1) from the solar `surface' (photosphere) into the magnetized low atmosphere of the Sun. They carry a mass flux of 100 times that of the solar wind into the low solar corona. With diameters close to observational limits (< 500km), spicules have been largely unexplained …
An interplanetary shock traced by planetary auroral storms from the Sun to Saturn
Vourlidas, Angelos; Hansen, Kenneth C.; Prangé, Renée +4 more
A relationship between solar activity and aurorae on Earth was postulated long before space probes directly detected plasma propagating outwards from the Sun. Violent solar eruption events trigger interplanetary shocks that compress Earth's magnetosphere, leading to increased energetic particle precipitation into the ionosphere and subsequent auro…