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External supply of oxygen to the atmospheres of the giant planets

Lellouch, E.; Encrenaz, T.; de Graauw, T. +3 more

The atmospheres of the giant planets are reducing, being mainly composed of hydrogen, helium and methane. But the rings and icy satellites that surround these planets, together with the flux of interplanetary dust, could act as important sources of oxygen, which would be delivered to the atmospheres mainly in the form of water ice or silicate dust…

A starburst origin of the OH-megamaser emission from the galaxy Arp220

Sturm, E.; Barlow, M. J.; Stacey, G. J. +3 more

Ultraluminous infrared galaxies have been known for more than a decade, but the source of their very large far-infrared luminosities remains controversial. It may reflect a quasar-like active nucleus surrounded by a torus of dense gas and dust, the latter absorbing the energetic photons from the nuclear region and re-emitting at infrared wavelengt…