Search Publications
Waves in the lower solar atmosphere: the dawn of next-generation solar telescopes
Stangalini, Marco; Jess, David B.; Jafarzadeh, Shahin +3 more
Waves and oscillations have been observed in the Sun's atmosphere for over half a century. While such phenomena have readily been observed across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, spanning radio to gamma-ray sources, the underlying role of waves in the supply of energy to the outermost extremities of the Sun's corona has yet to be uncovered. Of…
Machine learning in solar physics
Cheung, Mark C. M.; Asensio Ramos, Andrés; Chifu, Iulia +1 more
The application of machine learning in solar physics has the potential to greatly enhance our understanding of the complex processes that take place in the atmosphere of the Sun. By using techniques such as deep learning, we are now in the position to analyze large amounts of data from solar observations and identify patterns and trends that may n…
Surface and interior meridional circulation in the Sun
Hanasoge, Shravan M.
Solar meridional circulation is an axisymmetric flow system, extending from the equator to the poles (
Space weather: the solar perspective: An update to Schwenn (2006)
Temmer, Manuela
The Sun, as an active star, is the driver of energetic phenomena that structure interplanetary space and affect planetary atmospheres. The effects of Space Weather on Earth and the solar system is of increasing importance as human spaceflight is preparing for lunar and Mars missions. This review is focusing on the solar perspective of the Space We…
Solar structure and evolution
Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen
The Sun provides a critical benchmark for the general study of stellar structure and evolution. Also, knowledge about the internal properties of the Sun is important for the understanding of solar atmospheric phenomena, including the solar magnetic cycle. Here I provide a brief overview of the theory of stellar structure and evolution, including t…
Coronal bright points
Madjarska, Maria S.
Coronal bright points (CBPs) are a fundamental class of solar activity. They represent a set of low-corona small-scale loops with enhanced emission in the extreme-ultraviolet and X-ray spectrum that connect magnetic flux concentrations of opposite polarities. CBPs are one of the main building blocks of the solar atmosphere outside active regions u…
Solar UV and X-ray spectral diagnostics
Del Zanna, Giulio; Mason, Helen E.
X-ray and ultraviolet (UV) observations of the outer solar atmosphere have been used for many decades to measure the fundamental parameters of the solar plasma. This review focuses on the optically thin emission from the solar atmosphere, mostly found at UV and X-ray (XUV) wavelengths, and discusses some of the diagnostic methods that have been us…
Coronal mass ejections and their sheath regions in interplanetary space
Pulkkinen, Tuija I.; Koskinen, Hannu E. J.; Kilpua, Emilia
Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are large-scale heliospheric transients that originate from the Sun. When an ICME is sufficiently faster than the preceding solar wind, a shock wave develops ahead of the ICME. The turbulent region between the shock and the ICME is called the sheath region. ICMEs and their sheaths and shocks are all in…
Large gradual solar energetic particle events
Giacalone, Joe; Desai, Mihir
Solar energetic particles, or SEPs, from suprathermal (few keV) up to relativistic (
Global seismology of the Sun
Basu, Sarbani
The seismic study of the Sun and other stars offers a unique window into the interior of these stars. Thanks to helioseismology, we know the structure of the Sun to admirable precision. In fact, our knowledge is good enough to use the Sun as a laboratory. We have also been able to study the dynamics of the Sun in great detail. Helioseismic data al…