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Electron Heat Flux in the Solar Wind: Generalized Approaches to Fluid Transport With a Variety of Skewed Velocity Distributions

Cranmer, Steven R.; Schiff, Avery J.

In the solar corona and solar wind, electron heat conduction is an important process that transports energy over large distances and helps determine the spatial variation of temperature. High-density regions undergoing rapid particle-particle collisions exhibit a heat flux described well by classical Spitzer-Härm theory. However, much of the helio…

The Flux of Flux Ropes Embedded Within Magnetic Clouds Near 5 AU

Zhao, Yan; Feng, Hengqiang; Zhao, Guoqing +3 more

Magnetic clouds (MCs) are an important kind of interplanetary coronal mass ejections and generally treated as giant flux ropes. Previous researches indicates that the rope structure of MCs may be destructed as they move away from the solar surface. In this paper, we made a statistic study of the azimuthal flux of flux ropes embedded within MCs nea…