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Solar EUV Experiment (SEE): Mission overview and first results
Chamberlin, Phillip C.; Woods, Thomas N.; Eparvier, Francis G. +6 more
The Solar EUV Experiment (SEE) is one of four scientific instruments on the NASA Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics Dynamics (TIMED) spacecraft, which has been simultaneously observing the Sun and Earth's upper atmosphere since January 2002. The SEE instrument measures the irradiance of the highly variable, solar extreme ultraviolet (EU…
Visibility of coronal mass ejections as a function of flare location and intensity
Howard, R. A.; Gopalswamy, N.; Michalek, G. +2 more
We report the visibility (detection efficiency) of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) of the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). We collected 1301 X-ray flare events (above C3 level) detected by the GOES satellite and examined their CME associations using data from LASCO coronagraphs. Th…
Propagation of the 12 May 1997 interplanetary coronal mass ejection in evolving solar wind structures
Arge, C. N.; Odstrcil, D.; Pizzo, V. J.
Recently, we simulated the 12 May 1997 coronal mass ejection (CME) event with a numerical three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic model (Odstrcil et al., 2004), in which the background solar wind was determined from the Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) coronal model (Riley et al., 2001) and the transient disturbance was determin…
On the sources of fast and slow solar wind
Schwadron, N. A.; Landi, E.; Feldman, U.
The slow speed solar wind as measured at the Earth orbit and beyond is characterized by its velocity of ≃400 km s-1, by its coronal composition and by its frozen-in temperature (from carbon charge-states) of 1.4-1.6 × 106 K. In contrast the fast speed solar wind is characterized by its velocity of ≃750 km s-1, its …
Characteristic magnetic field and speed properties of interplanetary coronal mass ejections and their sheath regions
Owens, M. J.; Crooker, N. U.; Siscoe, G. L. +2 more
Prediction of the solar wind conditions in near-Earth space, arising from both quasi-steady and transient structures, is essential for space weather forecasting. To achieve forecast lead times of a day or more, such predictions must be made on the basis of remote solar observations. A number of empirical prediction schemes have been proposed to fo…
Acceleration and transport of heavy ions at coronal mass ejection-driven shocks
Li, Gang; Zank, G. P.; Rice, W. K. M.
It is now widely accepted that large solar energetic particle (SEP) events are associated with coronal mass ejection (CME)-driven shocks. Here, particles are often accelerated to approximately MeV energies (and perhaps up to GeV energies) at shock waves driven by CMEs. In this paper, on the basis of our earlier work, we present a detailed model wh…
Fast coronal mass ejection environments and the production of solar energetic particle events
Vourlidas, A.; Kahler, S. W.
The search continues for coronal environmental factors that determine whether a fast coronal mass ejection (CME) results in a solar energetic particle (SEP) event at 1 AU. From a plot of peak 20 MeV SEP intensities versus associated CME speeds we select for comparison two groups of fast, wide, western hemisphere CMEs observed with the LASCO corona…
How good is the relationship of solar and interplanetary plasma parameters with geomagnetic storms?
Kane, R. P.
Since the work of Snyder et al. (1963), who showed a possible link between interplanetary solar wind speed V and geomagnetic index Kp, such a relationship has been examined by many workers and found to be rather loose. In the present communication this relationship is rechecked for all data during 1973-2003. It was noted that moderate or strong ge…
Forecast evaluation of the coronal mass ejection (CME) geoeffectiveness using halo CMEs from 1997 to 2003
Cho, K. -S.; Kim, Y. -H.; Moon, Y. -J. +5 more
In this study we have made a forecast evaluation of geoeffective coronal mass ejections (CMEs) by using frontside halo CMEs and the magnetospheric ring current index, Dst. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that an attempt has been made to construct contingency tables depending on the geoeffectiveness criteria as well as to estimate the pro…
Solar energetic electrons related to the 28 October 2003 flare
Krucker, S.; Mann, G.; Kunow, H. +4 more
We investigate the solar origin of near-relativistic electrons and protons during the X17.2/4B flare as observed by the Comprehensive Suprathermal and Energetic Particle Analyser (COSTEP) and Three-Dimensional Plasma (3DP) analyzer experiments on board the SOHO and Wind spacecraft. These observations are combined with ground- and space-based spect…