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VLF Transmitter Signals Observed by the Cluster Spacecraft Over a Wide Range of Latitudes

Santolík, O.; Němec, F.; Albert, J. M.

Very low frequency transmitter signals can penetrate through the ionosphere and propagate in the inner magnetosphere, being observed by spacecraft instruments with sufficient frequency resolution and range. We use 23 years of measurements performed by the Waves of High frequency and Sounder for Probing of Electron density by Relaxation instrument …