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Long-term solar activity studies using microwave imaging observations and prediction for cycle 25
Gopalswamy, N.; Yashiro, S.; Mäkelä, P. +1 more
We use microwave imaging observations from the Nobeyama Radioheliograph at 17 GHz for long-term studies of solar activity. In particular, we use the polar and low-latitude brightness temperatures as proxies to the polar and active-region magnetic fields, respectively. We also use the locations of prominence eruptions as a proxy to the filament loc…
Sun-to-earth propagation of the 2015 June 21 coronal mass ejection revealed by optical, EUV, and radio observations
Gopalswamy, N.; Yashiro, S.; Mäkelä, P. +3 more
We investigate the propagation of the 2015 June 21 CME-driven shock as revealed by the type II bursts at metric and longer wavelengths and coronagraph observations. The CME was associated with the second largest geomagnetic storm of solar cycle 24 and a large solar energetic particle (SEP) event. The eruption consisted of two M-class flares, with …