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Comprehensive Photometry of the Rings and 16 Satellites of Uranus with the Hubble Space Telescope
Karkoschka, Erich
Photometric properties of 4 rings and 16 satellites of Uranus are presented, based on 41 Hubble Space Telescope images taken in 1997. Up to 25 filters per object covered the wavelength range 0.27-2 µm. The whole range of phase angles observable from Earth (0.03-3°) was probed. Reflectivities were calibrated on an absolute scale to typically …
A Study of the Stability of Jovian Zonal Winds from HST Images: 1995-2000
Sánchez-Lavega, A.; García-Melendo, E.
We present a five-year study of the temporal stability of Jupiter's zonal wind velocity profile at cloud level based on Hubble Space Telescope images obtained from 1995 to 2000. We used the correlation of east-west albedo scans in pairs of images separated by one jovian rotation to retrieve the zonal winds. The resolution in the HST images ranged …
Distribution and Evolution of CH4, N2, and CO Ices on Pluto's Surface: 1995 to 1998
Buie, M. W.; Grundy, W. M.
We present new near-infrared spectra of the planet Pluto obtained at Lowell Observatory on 83 nights during 1995-1998. The dense temporal sampling of our observations enables us to measure with unprecedented detail cyclical changes in the depths of methane, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen ice absorption bands, modulated by Pluto's diurnal rotation. …
Coordinated 1996 HST and IRTF Imaging of Neptune and Triton. III. Neptune's Atmospheric Circulation and Cloud Structure
Baines, K. H.; Sromovsky, L. A.; Fry, P. M. +2 more
The first coordinated multispectral imaging of Neptune and Triton, using both the Hubble Space Telescope and the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility in August 1996 (L. A. Sromovsky et al., 149, 416-434, 435-458), provides new insights into Neptune's atmospheric circulation and cloud structure. From our 1996 data we derived cloud-tracked winds for 18 …
NOTE: The Merger of Two Giant Anticyclones in the Atmosphere of Jupiter
Colas, F.; Orton, G. S.; Lecacheux, J. +10 more
Two giant ovals in Jupiter's southern atmosphere, vortices of counterclockwise-rotating winds, merged in a 3-week period, starting in March 2000. One of the ovals called FA was more than 60 years old; the other called BE was the product of two 60-year-old ovals (BC and DE) that merged in 1998 (A. Sanchez-Lavega et al. 1999, Icarus142, 116-124). Th…
New Measurements of the Winds of Uranus
Karkoschka, E.; Hammel, H. B.; de Pater, I. +2 more
Hubble Space Telescope imaging of Uranus in 1994, 1997, 1998, and 2000 revealed 13 cloud features, allowing the first measurements of wind velocities at northern latitudes not accessible to the Voyager cameras and new measurements of southern-latitude wind velocities determined during the 1986 Voyager encounter. Images acquired with the Keck 10-me…
Neptune's Atmospheric Circulation and Cloud Morphology: Changes Revealed by 1998 HST Imaging
Baines, K. H.; Sromovsky, L. A.; Fry, P. M. +2 more
On 11-12 August 1998, we imaged Neptune using the Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 CCD camera and NICMOS InSb camera to obtain high-spatial-resolution, absolutely calibrated imagery from the visible through the near infrared. We used nine HST orbits to intensively sample one rotation of Neptune, and four additional orbits to sample cloud evolution and…
EPIC Simulations of Bright Companions to Neptune's Great Dark Spots
Sromovsky, L. A.; Showman, A. P.; Dowling, T. E. +1 more
We present a three-dimensional model of the bright companion clouds associated with Neptune's Great Dark Spots (GDSs). Our results support the hypothesis that the bright companions of the southern-hemisphere GDS discovered in 1989 and of the northern-hemisphere GDS discovered in 1994 are methane clouds that form at or just below the tropopause and…
HST Observations of Saturnian Satellites during the 1995 Ring Plane Crossings
Nicholson, Philip D.; French, Richard G.; McGhee, Colleen A. +1 more
In May, August, and November 1995, Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations during Saturn's ring-plane crossings allowed us to view saturnian satellites normally hidden to Earth-based observers in the glare of the rings. New measurements of Janus, Epimetheus, Prometheus, and Pandora have been combined to form revised orbital solutions using all t…
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Nucleus of Comet 9P/Tempel 1
Lamy, P. L.; A'Hearn, M. F.; Toth, I. +2 more
The nucleus of Comet 9P/Tempel 1, the target of the Deep Impact mission, was detected during Hubble Space Telescope observations taken with the wide-field planetary camera 2 (WFPC2) on 31 December 1997 when the comet's solar phase angle was 3.°8, its heliocentric distance was 4.48 AU, and its geocentric distance was 3.53 AU. Sixteen images were ta…