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Total solar irradiance during the Holocene

Beer, J.; Steinhilber, F.; Fröhlich, C.

For the first time a record of total solar irradiance covering 9300 years is presented, which covers almost the entire Holocene. This reconstruction is based on a recently observationally derived relationship between total solar irradiance and the open solar magnetic field. Here we show that the open solar magnetic field can be obtained from the c…

Solar Irradiance Reference Spectra (SIRS) for the 2008 Whole Heliosphere Interval (WHI)

Chamberlin, Phillip C.; Woods, Thomas N.; Eparvier, Francis G. +6 more

The IHY2007 Whole Heliosphere Interval (WHI) for solar Carrington Rotation 2068 (20 March to 16 April 2008) has been very successful in obtaining a wide variety of solar, heliospheric, and planetary observations during times of solar cycle minimum conditions. One of these efforts is the generation of solar irradiance reference spectra (SIRS) from …

ACRIM-gap and TSI trend issue resolved using a surface magnetic flux TSI proxy model

Scafetta, Nicola; Willson, Richard C.

The ACRIM-gap (1989.5-1991.75) continuity dilemma for satellite TSI observations is resolved by bridging the satellite TSI monitoring gap between ACRIM1 and ACRIM2 results with TSI derived from Krivova et al.'s (2007) proxy model based on variations of the surface distribution of solar magnetic flux. `Mixed' versions of ACRIM and PMOD TSI composit…

Non-dipolar solar wind structure observed in the cycle 23/24 minimum

Tokumaru, M.; Hayashi, K.; Kojima, M. +1 more

Interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations made in the Cycle 23/24 minimum using the Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory (STEL) multi-station system indicated that during intervals the solar wind had a significantly non-dipolar structure that consisted of fast wind components at the poles and the equator and slower wind components in bet…

ACRIM-gap and total solar irradiance revisited: Is there a secular trend between 1986 and 1996?

Solanki, S. K.; Krivova, N. A.; Wenzler, T.

A gap in the total solar irradiance (TSI) measurements between ACRIM-1 and ACRIM-2 led to the ongoing debate on the presence or not of a secular trend between the minima preceding cycles 22 (in 1986) and 23 (1996). It was recently proposed to use the SATIRE model of solar irradiance variations to bridge this gap. When doing this, it is important t…

Reconstructed and measured total solar irradiance: Is there a secular trend between 1978 and 2003?

Solanki, S. K.; Krivova, N. A.; Wenzler, T.

Total solar irradiance reconstructed between 1978 and 2003 using solar surface magnetic field distributions is compared with three composites of total solar irradiance measurements. A good correspondence is found with the total solar irradiance composite from PMOD/WRC, with no bias between the three cycles. The agreement with the other composites …