Search Publications
The October 28, 2003 extreme EUV solar flare and resultant extreme ionospheric effects: Comparison to other Halloween events and the Bastille Day event
Tsurutani, B. T.; Didkovsky, L.; Judge, D. L. +16 more
Some of the most intense solar flares measured in 0.1 to 0.8 nm x-rays in recent history occurred near the end of 2003. The Nov 4 event is the largest in the NOAA records (X28) and the Oct 28 flare was the fourth most intense (X17). The Oct 29 flare was class X7. These flares are compared and contrasted to the July 14, 2000 Bastille Day (X10) even…
Solar source of the largest geomagnetic storm of cycle 23
Howard, R. A.; Gopalswamy, N.; Michalek, G. +3 more
The largest geomagnetic storm of solar cycle 23 occurred on 2003 November 20 with a Dst index of -472 nT, due to a coronal mass ejection (CME) from active region 0501. The CME near the Sun had a sky-plane speed of ~1660 km/s, but the associated magnetic cloud (MC) arrived with a speed of only 730 km/s. The MC at 1 AU (ACE Observations) had a high …
Mixed particle acceleration at CME-driven shocks and flares
Zank, G. P.; Li, G.
A recent study of Cane et al. [2003] showed that in some intense SEP events, the time-intensity profiles exhibit two peaks, with an earlier one having a high Fe/O and a later one with a low Fe/O ratio. They suggested that these two-component events are due to CMEs and their accompanying flares occurring together, with the first peak being flare-re…
Introduction to the special section: Violent Sun-Earth connection events of October-November 2003
Plunkett, S. P.; Lu, G.; Gopalswamy, N. +2 more
During 2003 October and November, a series of solar eruptions occurred from three solar active regions. Some of these eruptions were extreme in terms of their origin (source properties) and heliospheric consequences. This paper summarizes the first results of the analysis of these violent Sun-Earth connection events.
Solar control on Jupiter's equatorial X-ray emissions: 26-29 November 2003 XMM-Newton observation
Branduardi-Raymont, G.; Soria, R.; Waite, J. H. +6 more
During Nov. 26-29, 2003 XMM-Newton observed soft (0.2-2 keV) X-ray emission from Jupiter for 69 hours. The low-latitude X-ray disk emission of Jupiter is observed to be almost uniform in intensity with brightness that is consistent with a solar-photon driven process. The simultaneous light curves of Jovian equatorial X rays and solar X rays (measu…
A new model of total solar irradiance based on sunspot areas
Walton, Stephen R.; Preminger, Dora G.
We show that daily sunspot area can be used in a simple model to reconstruct daily variations in the total solar irradiance, S. The model assumes that all fluctuations in S are correlated with the emergence of sunspots on the solar disk. Cotemporal data for S and sunspot area are analysed to extract the finite impulse response function that descri…
Interplanetary shocks unconnected with earthbound coronal mass ejections
Tappin, S. J.; Howard, T. A.
An associated study by Howard and Tappin (2005) identified 7 Earthbound forward shocks (of which 3 were geoeffective) which were not connected with any detectable coronal mass ejection activity along the Sun-Earth line. This largely unexplored result lends evidence to the fact that some large interplanetary transients are not detected by coronagra…