Search Publications
The toroidal curvatures of interplanetary coronal mass ejection flux ropes from multi-point observations
Luhmann, J. G.; Lai, H. R.; Russell, C. T. +5 more
Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), characterized by their magnetic flux ropes, could potentially trigger geomagnetic disturbances. They have been attracting extensive investigations for decades. Despite numerous ICME models proposed in the past, few account for the curvature of the flux rope axis. In this study, we use conjunction obse…
The solar wind heavy ion composition in the ascending phases of the solar cycles 23 and 25
Livi, S.; Galvin, A. B.; Kistler, L. M. +5 more
The approximately 11-year solar cycle has been shown to impact the heavy ion composition of the solar wind, even when accounting for streams of differing speeds; however, the heavy ion composition observed between the same specific phases of a past solar cycle and the current cycle has rarely, if ever, been compared. Here, we compare the heavy ion…
A prominence eruption from the Sun to the Parker Solar Probe with multi-spacecraft observations
Susino, Roberto; Andretta, Vincenzo; Landini, Federico +10 more
In the early hours of 2021 April 25, the Solar Probe Cup on board Parker Solar Probe registered the passage of a solar wind structure characterized by a clear and constant He2+/H+ density ratio above 6% during three hours. The He2+ contribution remained present but fainting and intermittent within a twelve-hour window. Solar Orbiter and Parker Sol…
The evolution of our understanding of coronal mass ejections
Vourlidas, Angelos; Stenborg, Guillermo; Howard, Russell A.
The unexpected observation of a sudden expulsion of mass through the solar corona in 1971 opened up a new field of interest in solar and stellar physics. The discovery came from a white-light coronagraph, which creates an artificial eclipse of the Sun, enabling the viewing of the faint glow from the corona. This observation was followed by many mo…
Heliospheric 3-D MHD ENLIL simulations of multi-CME and multi-spacecraft events
Odstrcil, Dusan
Interpreting multi-spacecraft heliospheric observations of the evolving solar wind (SW) streams with propagating and interacting coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is challenging. Numerical simulations can provide global context and suggest what may and may not be observed. The heliospheric three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) ENLIL model c…
The SunPy Project: An interoperable ecosystem for solar data analysis
Ryan, Daniel F.; Ireland, Jack; Hayes, Laura A. +6 more
The SunPy Project is a community of scientists and software developers creating an ecosystem of Python packages for solar physics. The project includes the sunpy core package as well as a set of affiliated packages. The sunpy core package provides general purpose tools to access data from different providers, read image and time series data, and t…
Solar Activities Associated with 3He-rich Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed by Solar Orbiter
Nitta, Nariaki V.; Ho, George C.; Mason, Glenn M. +5 more
A series of 3He-rich solar energetic particle (SEP) events was observed by Solar Orbiter in May 2021 at a radial distance of 0.95 AU. An isolated active region AR 12824 was likely the ultimate source of these SEP events. The period of the enhanced flux of 3He was also a period of frequent type III bursts in the decametric-hectometric range, confir…
Ion kinetic effects linked to magnetic field discontinuities in the slow Alfvénic wind observed by Solar Orbiter in the inner heliosphere
D'Amicis, Raffaella; Perrone, Denise; Perri, Silvia +2 more
Slow solar wind, sharing magnetic and plasma properties typical of fast wind, the so-called slow Alfvénic wind, has been widely observed in the heliosphere. Here, we report an analysis of the turbulent properties of a slow Alfvénic stream observed by Solar Orbiter at 0.64 AU. This solar wind stream is characterized by well distinguishable regions,…
The energetic storm particle events of 3 November 2021
Marcucci, Maria Federica; Consolini, Giuseppe; Chiappetta, Federica +3 more
Observations of energetic particles at interplanetary shocks are important to study acceleration mechanisms and their connection with magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Energetic storm particle (ESP) events are increases in proton fluxes that occur locally at the passage time of interplanetary shocks. These events are more dangerous when they are sup…
Single-spacecraft techniques for shock parameters estimation: A systematic approach
Vainio, R.; Horbury, T.; Dresing, N. +8 more
Spacecraft missions provide the unique opportunity to study the properties of collisionless shocks utilising in situ measurements. In the past years, several diagnostics have been developed to address key shock parameters using time series of magnetic field (and plasma) data collected by a single spacecraft crossing a shock front. A critical aspec…