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Crucial future observations and directions for unveiling magnetopause dynamics and their geospace impacts

Nykyri, Katariina; Shi, Xueling; Hartinger, Michael D. +5 more

The dynamics of Earth's magnetopause, driven by several different external/internal physical processes, plays a major role in the geospace energy budget. Given magnetopause motion couples across many space plasma regions, numerous forms of observations may provide valuable information in understanding these dynamics and their impacts. In-situ mult…

Magnetic fields and electric currents around the dayside magnetopause as inferred from data-constrained modeling

Semenov, V. S.; Erkaev, N. V.; Tsyganenko, N. A. +1 more

Based on a new mathematical framework and large multi-year multi-mission data sets, we reconstruct electric currents and magnetic fields around the dayside magnetopause and their dependence on the incoming solar wind, IMF, and geodipole tilt. The model architecture builds on previously developed mathematical frameworks and includes two separate bl…

Acceleration of an interplanetary shock through the magnetosheath: a global hybrid simulation

Modolo, R.; Fontaine, D.; Savoini, P. +1 more

According to most observations and simulations, interplanetary shocks slow down when they propagate through the magnetosheath. In this article, we present results from a self-consistent global hybrid PIC simulation of an interplanetary shock which, by contrast, accelerates as it propagates through the magnetosheath. In this simulation, the solar w…

Cluster: List of plasma jets in the subsolar magnetosheath

Temmer, Manuela; Plaschke, Ferdinand; Simon Wedlund, Cyril +6 more

Spatial distribution of plasma density and magnetic field amplitude in the dayside magnetosheath as a function of the IMF orientation

Lavraud, B.; Génot, V.; Jeandet, A. +5 more

The properties of the magnetosheath are of pivotal importance in determining the coupling between the magnetosphere and interplanetary medium. In particular, the magnetic flux pileup and plasma depletion layer (PDL) modify the boundary conditions of magnetopause reconnection. However, the spatial distribution of the magnetic field strength and pla…

Importance of the dusk-dawn interplanetary magnetic field component (IMF By) to magnetospheric convection in Earth's magnetotail plasma sheet

Chong, Ghai Siung; Pitkänen, Timo; Kullen, Anita

The solar wind and its embedded magnetic field, the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) together with magnetic reconnection power the large-scale plasma and magnetic flux circulation in the Earth's magnetosphere-ionosphere system. This circulation is termed as convection and its strength is controlled by the north-south IMF component (IMF Bz). In …

The global mapping of electron precipitation and ionospheric conductance from whistler-mode chorus waves

Gillespie, Dillon; Connor, Hyunju Kim; Ma, Qianli +4 more

Auroral precipitation is the second major energy source after solar irradiation that ionizes the Earth's upper atmosphere. Diffuse electron aurora caused by wave-particle interaction in the inner magnetosphere (L < 8) takes over 60% of total auroral energy flux, strongly contributing to the ionospheric conductance and thus to the ionosphere-the…

Editorial: Circulation of heavy ions and their role in regulating the near-earth plasma dynamics

Chen, Lunjin; Kronberg, Elena; Bashir, M. Fraz

Curlometer and gradient techniques: past and future applications

Escoubet, C. P.; Dunlop, M. W.; Shen, C. +5 more

We review the range of applications and use of multi spacecraft techniques, applicable to close formation arrays of spacecraft, focusing on spatial gradient based methods, and the curlometer in particular. The curlometer was originally applied to Cluster multi-spacecraft magnetic field data, but later was updated for different environments and mea…

Evidence of Kelvin-Helmholtz and tearing mode instabilities at the magnetopause during space weather events

Jerse, Giovanna; Marcucci, Maria Federica; Laurenza, Monica +9 more

Introduction: Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) and tearing mode (TM) instabilities are one of the most important mechanisms of solar wind energy, momentum and plasma transport within the magnetosphere.Methods: To investigate the conditions under which KHTM instabilities occur in the Earth environment it is fundamental to combine simultaneous multipoint in si…