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Termination of Solar Cycles and Correlated Tropospheric Variability

McIntosh, Scott W.; Leamon, Robert J.; Marsh, Daniel R.

The Sun provides the energy required to sustain life on Earth and drive our planet's atmospheric circulation. However, establishing a solid physical connection between solar and tropospheric variability has posed a considerable challenge. The canon of solar variability is derived from the 400 years of observations that demonstrates the waxing and …

Solar Irradiance Variability: Modeling the Measurements

Kopp, G.; Lean, J. L.; Marchenko, S. V. +3 more

New models of the Sun's irradiance variability are developed from 15 years of direct observations made by the Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) spacecraft from 2003 to 2017 (inclusive). Multiple linear regression parameterizes the observations in terms of facular brightening and sunspot darkening, which are the primary sources of sola…

Solar Irradiance Variability: Comparisons of Models and Measurements

Haberreiter, M.; Kopp, G.; Baranyi, T. +8 more

The Earth system responds to solar variability on a wide range of timescales. Knowledge of total solar irradiance (TSI) and solar spectral irradiance (SSI) spanning minutes to centuries is needed by scientists studying a broad array of research applications. For these purposes, the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Climate…