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Validation of coronal mass ejection arrival-time forecasts by magnetohydrodynamic simulations based on interplanetary scintillation observations

Tokumaru, Munetoshi; Fujiki, Ken'ichi; Shiota, Daikou +3 more

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) cause various disturbances of the space environment; therefore, forecasting their arrival time is very important. However, forecasting accuracy is hindered by limited CME observations in interplanetary space. This study investigates the accuracy of CME arrival times at the Earth forecasted by three-dimensional (3D) ma…

Relationship between three-dimensional velocity of filament eruptions and CME association

Ichimoto, Kiyoshi; Ishii, Takako T.; Asai, Ayumi +2 more

It is widely recognised that filament disappearances or eruptions are frequently associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). Since CMEs are a major source of disturbances of the space environment surrounding the Earth, it is important to investigate these associations in detail for the better prediction of CME occurrence. However, the proportio…

Unusual enhancement of 30 MeV proton flux in an ICME sheath region

Yashiro, Seiji; Nitta, Nariaki V.; Oka, Mitsuo +3 more

In gradual Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events, shock waves driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) play a major role in accelerating particles, and the energetic particle flux enhances substantially when the shock front passes by the observer. Such enhancements are historically referred to as Energetic Storm Particle (ESP) events, but it remain…