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The Sun and Space Weather
Gopalswamy, Nat
The explosion of space weather research since the early 1990s has been partly fueled by the unprecedented, uniform, and extended observations of solar disturbances from space- and ground-based instruments. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from closed magnetic field regions and high-speed streams (HSS) from open-field regions on the Sun account for mo…
Twelve-Year Cycle in the Cloud Top Winds Derived from VMC/Venus Express and UVI/Akatsuki Imaging
Titov, Dmitrij V.; Ignatiev, Nikolay I.; Khatuntsev, Igor V. +3 more
We present joint analysis of the UV (365 nm) images captured by the cameras on board ESA's Venus Express and JAXA's Akatsuki spacecraft. These observations enabled almost continuous characterization of the cloud top circulation over the longest period of time so far (2006-2021). More than 46,000 wind vectors were derived from tracking the UV cloud…
From Atmospheric Evolution to the Search of Species of Astrobiological Interest in the Solar System—Case Studies Using the Planetary Spectrum Generator
Machado, Pedro; Ribeiro, José; Dias, João A.
The study of minor chemical species in terrestrial planets' atmospheres can teach us about the chemistry, dynamics and evolution of the atmospheres through time. Phosphine or methane on terrestrial planets are potential biosignatures, such that their detection may signify the presence of life on a planet. Therefore, the search for these species in…
Venus' Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS
Machado, Pedro; Peralta, Javier; Silva, José E. +3 more
Characterizing the wind speeds of Venus and their variability at multiple vertical levels is essential for a better understanding of the atmospheric superrotation, constraining the role of large-scale planetary waves in the maintenance of this superrotation, and in studying how the wind field affects clouds' distribution. Here, we present cloud-tr…