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Modeling the Sun's open magnetic flux

Schüssler, M.; Baumann, I.

Context: .The heliospheric magnetic field can be extrapolated from the photospheric field distribution using models based upon various approximations. Such models are required for the reconstruction of the open solar magnetic flux prior to the time of direct measurements on the basis of surface flux transport simulations.
Aims: .We evaluate th…

Time-dependent 3D modulation of Jovian electrons. Comparison with Ulysses/KET observations

Fichtner, H.; Kissmann, R.; Lange, D.

We report on the modelling of the time-dependent transport of a few MeV electrons in the heliosphere. These low-energetic electrons, observed with the Kiel Electron Telescope (KET) on board the Ulysses spacecraft, are for the first time simulated over a complete solar activity cycle on the basis of a time-dependent three-dimensional modulation mod…