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Mars moon ephemerides after 14 years of Mars Express data
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039406 Bibcode: 2021A&A...650A..64L

Jaumann, R.; Oberst, J.; Rosenblatt, P. +7 more

The Mars Express (MEX) mission has been successfully operated around Mars since 2004. Among many results, MEX has provided some of the most accurate astrometric data of the two Mars moons, Phobos and Deimos. We present new ephemerides of the Mars moons benefitting from all previously published astrometric data to the most recent MEX SRC data. Obse…

2021 Astronomy and Astrophysics
MEx 18
A lighter core for Phobos?
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038844 Bibcode: 2021A&A...651A.110G

Li, Fei; Pätzold, Martin; Yan, Jianguo +7 more

Context. The origin of the Martian moons Phobos and Deimos is still poorly understood, and is the focus of intense debate.
Aims: We demonstrate that a stratified internal structure of Phobos is compatible with the observed gravity coefficients.
Methods: We fit previously derived C20 and C22 Phobos gravity coefficien…

2021 Astronomy and Astrophysics
MEx 6
Galactic cosmic ray modulation at Mars and beyond measured with EDACs on Mars Express and Rosetta
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202140767 Bibcode: 2021A&A...650A.165K

Johnstone, A.; Lester, M.; Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F. +5 more

Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are an intrinsic part of the heliospheric radiation environment and an inevitable challenge to long-term space exploration. Here we show solar-cycle-induced GCR modulation at Mars in the period 2005-2020, along with GCR radial gradients, by comparing Mars Express and Rosetta engineering parameters to sunspot number time…

2021 Astronomy and Astrophysics
MEx Rosetta 6