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Characteristics of solar wind suprathermal halo electrons
Fichtner, H.; Pierrard, V.; Lazar, M. +1 more
A suprathermal halo population of electrons is ubiquitous in space plasmas, as evidence of their departure from thermal equilibrium even in the absence of anisotropies. The origin, properties, and implications of this population, however, are poorly known. We provide a comprehensive description of solar wind halo electrons in the ecliptic, contras…
Statistics of solar wind electron breakpoint energies using machine learning techniques
Walsh, A. P.; Rae, I. J.; Smith, A. W. +4 more
Solar wind electron velocity distributions at 1 au consist of a thermal "core" population and two suprathermal populations: "halo" and "strahl". The core and halo are quasi-isotropic, whereas the strahl typically travels radially outwards along the parallel or anti-parallel direction with respect to the interplanetary magnetic field. Using Cluster…