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Estimating Gradients Of Physical Fields In Space

Shen, Chao; Zhou, Yufei

This study focuses on the development of a multi-point technique for future constellation missions, aiming to measure gradients at various orders, in particular the linear and quadratic gradients, of a general field. It is well established that, in order to estimate linear gradients, the spacecraft must not lie on a plane. Through analytical explo…

Does High-Latitude Ionospheric Electrodynamics Exhibit Hemispheric Mirror Symmetry?

Hatch, Spencer Mark; Vanhamäki, Heikki; Magnus Laundal, Karl +6 more

Ionospheric electrodynamics is a problem of mechanical stress balance mediated by electromagnetic forces. Joule heating (the total rate of frictional heating of thermospheric gases and ionospheric plasma) and ionospheric Hall and Pedersen conductances comprise three of the most basic descriptors of this problem. More than half a century after iden…

The Cluster Spacecrafts' View Of The Motion Of The High-Latitude Magnetopause

Darrouzet, Fabien; Plaschke, Ferdinand; Grimmich, Niklas +10 more

The magnetopause is the boundary between the interplanetary magnetic field and the terrestrial magnetic field. It is influenced by different solar-wind conditions, which lead to a change in the shape and location of the magnetopause. The interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere can be studied from in situ spacecraft observations. M…

Scalar-Potential Mapping Of The Steady-State Magnetosheath Model

Toepfer, Simon; Narita, Yasuhito; Schmid, Daniel

The steady-state magnetosheath model has various applications for studying the plasma and magnetic field profile around the planetary magnetospheres. In particular, the magnetosheath model is analytically obtained by solving the Laplace equation for parabolic boundaries (bow shock and magnetopause). We address the question, how can we utilize the …