Search Publications
The transport of galactic and jovian cosmic ray electrons in the heliosphere
Ferreira, S. E. S.
An overview is given on what we know about the cosmic ray diffusion process from the modelling of low-energy (MeV) electron transport in the heliosphere. For energies below ∼300 MeV, these electrons give a direct indication of the average mean free paths because they do not experience large adiabatic energy changes and their modulation is largely …
In situ observations of magnetic field fluctuations
Balogh, André; Erdős, Géza
It is well known that the irregularities of the magnetic field are intimately related to the motion of charged particles. Although transport theories need the spatial and time variations of the magnetic field as input, in situ observations are very limited. Ulysses observations have provided a major step forward by entering the unexplored high lat…
Optical observations of the young supernova remnant SNR 0540-69.3 and its pulsar
Sollerman, J.; Lundqvist, P.; Shibanov, Yu. A. +1 more
We have used the ESO NTT/EMMI and VLT/FORS1 instruments to examine the LMC supernova remnant 0540-69.3 as well as its pulsar (PSR B0540-69) and pulsar-powered nebula in the optical range. Spectroscopic observations of the remnant covering the range of 3600-7350 Å centered on the pulsar produced results consistent with those of [Kirshner, R.P., Mor…
Density irregularities in the plasmasphere boundary layer: Cluster observations in the dusk sector
André, M.; Décréau, P. M. E.; Canu, P. +7 more
We present observations of plasma density structures crossed by the CLUSTER spacecraft constellation near orbit perigee, with the spacecraft located in the vicinity of the plasmapause boundary. Although the constellation is not arranged as a perfect tetrahedron, the four-point measurements reveal interesting properties of density structures, unkno…
Merging clusters of galaxies observed with XMM-Newton
Pratt, G. W.; Bourdin, H.; Sauvageot, J. -L. +1 more
We present results from the XMM-Newton observations of our ongoing program on merging clusters. To date three clusters have been observed, covering the temporal sequence from early to late stage mergers: A1750, A2065 and A3921. Using spatially-resolved spectroscopy of discrete regions, hardness ratio and temperature maps, we show that all three cl…
Multi-point observation of the high-speed flows in the plasma sheet
Balogh, A.; Zhang, T. L.; Klecker, B. +9 more
The structure of the high-speed flows in the midtail plasma sheet is discussed based on results from multi-point observation of Cluster spacecraft in summer 2001 and 2002. The average rate of change in flow speed along the "dawn-dusk" direction (perpendicular to the main flow and in the plane of the tail current sheet) and along the "north-south" …
Properties of solar wind turbulence near the Sun as deduced from coronal radio sounding experiments
Plettemeier, D.; Bird, M. K.; Efimov, A. I. +2 more
The characteristics of plasma turbulence in the inner solar wind, as deduced from radio frequency fluctuation measurements recorded during solar conjunction, are reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on results from the radio occultation experiments performed with the Galileo and Ulysses spacecraft in the interval 1991-2000. Estimates of the power …
Neutral sheet normal direction determination
Balogh, A.; Zhang, T. L.; Glassmeier, K. -H. +5 more
One of the important parameters in magnetotail studies is the thickness of the current sheet. The determination of this thickness is subject to many assumptions of the geometry, such as the current sheet normal direction. The minimum variance analysis (MVA) has been widely used in studies of the current sheet in the tail or at the magnetopause wit…
The Cassini solar Faraday rotation experiment
Russell, C. T.; Jensen, E. A.; Bird, M. K. +3 more
The Cassini Faraday rotation experiment improves the current understanding of the coronal magnetic field by making the first measurements of the magnetic field within two solar radii of the south pole and by allowing the separation of the changing electron density from the magnetic field during transient crossings of the line of sight. Simultaneou…
Measured cosmological mass density in the WHIM: The solution to the ‘Missing Baryons’ problem
Elvis, Martin; Nicastro, Fabrizio; Fiore, Fabrizio +1 more
We review the current high-significance X-ray detections of Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) filaments at z > 0 along the lines of sight to the two blazars Mrk 421 ( z = 0.03) and 1ES 1028 + 511 ( z = 0.361). For these WHIM filaments, we derive ionization corrections and, when possible, metallicity estimates. This allows us to obtain refine…