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Analysis of NASA's DSN Venus Express radio occultation data for year 2014

Gramigna, Edoardo; Tortora, Paolo; Zannoni, Marco +5 more

The Venus Express Radio Science Experiment (VeRa) was part of the scientific payload of the Venus Express (VEX) spacecraft and was targeted at the investigation of Venus' atmosphere, surface, and gravity field as well as the interplanetary medium. This paper describes the methods and the required calibrations applied to VEX-VeRa raw radio occultat…

Super rogue waves at Venusian ionosphere and mantle

El-Shafeay, N. A.; El-Taibany, W. F.; Moslem, W. M. +1 more

Formation of super rogue ion-acoustic wave is suggested as a physical catalyst for the photochemical reaction to form the Venusian ionosphere and its mantle. Based on the observed data at Venus by Pioneer Venus Orbiter (PVO) and Venus Express (VEX), we constructed our models. The plasma model of the ionosphere consists of two positive ions fluid (…