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Results from the ESA SREM monitors and comparison with existing radiation belt models
Nieminen, P.; Hajdas, W.; Bühler, P. +3 more
The Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM) is a simple particle detector developed for wide application on ESA satellites. It measures high-energy protons and electrons of the space environment with a 20° angular resolution and limited spectral information. Of the ten SREMs that have been manufactured, four have so far flown. The first mode…
Heterogeneous solid/gas chemistry of organic compounds related to comets, meteorites, Titan, and Mars: Laboratory and in lower Earth orbit experiments
Szopa, C.; Cottin, H.; Coll, P. +14 more
To understand the evolution of organic molecules involved in extraterrestrial environments and with exobiological implications, many experimental programs in the laboratory are devoted to photochemical studies in the gaseous phase as well as in the solid state. The validity of such studies and their applications to extraterrestrial environments ca…
Development of thermal sensors and drilling systems for lunar and planetary regoliths
Kaufmann, E.; Kargl, G.; Gao, Yang +2 more
We consider some novel concepts for thermal properties experiments aboard lunar landers or rovers, that may lead to an improved understanding of both the structure of the lunar near surface layers and the lunar thermal history. The new instruments could be developed using the experience and heritage from recently developed systems, like the Rosett…