Implications of a proton blazar inspired model on correlated observations of neutrinos with gamma-ray flaring blazars

Abstract

The recent detections of the neutrino event IceCube-170922A, 13 muon-neutrino events observed in 2014-2015 and the IceCube-141209A by IceCube observatory from the Blazars TXS 0506 +056 , PKS 0502 +049 /TXS 0506 +056 , and GB6 J1040+0617 respectively, all of which were in the state of enhanced gamma-ray emission, indicate that cosmic rays are accelerated in the blazar jets. The photomeson (p γ ) interaction cannot explain the IceCube observations of 13 neutrino events. However, the nondetection of broadline emission in the optical spectra of the IceCube blazars questions the hadronuclear (p p ) interaction interpretation, in which a relativistic jet interacts with a high density cloud. In this work, we investigate the proton blazar model in which the nonrelativistic protons that come into existence under the charge neutrality condition of the blazar jet can offer sufficient target matter for p p interactions with shock-accelerated protons, to describe the observed high-energy gamma rays and neutrino signals from said blazars. Our findings suggest that the model can consistently explain the observed electromagnetic spectrum in combination with the appropriate number of neutrino events from the corresponding blazars.