Discovery of a Relativistic Stripped-envelope Type Ic-BL Supernova at z = 2.83 with JWST

Maiolino, R.; Fox, O. D.; Rest, A.; Sun, F.; Egami, E.; Johnson, B. D.; Wevers, T.; Eisenstein, D. J.; Shahbandeh, M.; Bunker, A. J.; Moriya, T. J.; Curti, M.; Chen, W.; Robertson, B.; Pierel, J. D. R.; Cargile, P. A.; Gezari, S.; Coulter, D. A.; Siebert, M. R.; Quimby, R. M.; Zenati, Y.; Joshi, B. A.; Engesser, M.; Gomez, S.; Strolger, L. G.; DeCoursey, C.; Guolo, M.; Wang, Q.; Karmen, M.

United States, Japan, Australia, United Kingdom, Germany

Abstract

We present James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRCam and NIRSpec observations of a Type Ic supernova (SN Ic) and its host galaxy (JADES-GS+53.13533-27.81457) at z = 2.83. This SN (named SN 2023adta) was identified in deep JWST/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Follow-up observations with JWST/NIRSpec provided a spectroscopic redshift of z = 2.83 and the classification as an SN Ic-BL. The light curve of SN 2023adta matches well with other stripped-envelope SNe, and we find a high peak luminosity, M V = ‑19.0 ± 0.2 mag, based on the distribution of best-fit SNe. The broad absorption features in its spectrum are consistent with other SNe Ic-BL 1–3 weeks after peak brightness. We measure a Ca II near-IR triplet expansion velocity of 29,000 ± 2000 km s‑1. The host galaxy of SN 2023adta is irregular, and modeling of its spectral energy distribution indicates a metallicity of Z=0.350.08+0.16Z . This environment is consistent with the population of low-z SNe Ic-BL that prefer lower metallicities relative to other stripped-envelope SNe and track long-duration γ-ray burst environments. We do not identify any γ-ray bursts that are coincident with SN 2023adta. Given the rarity of SNe Ic-BL in the local Universe, the detection of an SN Ic-BL at z = 2.83 could indicate that their rates are enhanced at high redshift.

2024 The Astrophysical Journal
JWST 10