The XMM-Newton view of Plaskett's star and its surroundings

Abstract

XMM-Newton data of Plaskett's star (HD 47129) are used in order to analyse its X-ray spectrum and variability and hence to derive further constraints on the wind interaction in this early-type binary (O6 I + O7.5 I) system.

Conventional models fail to provide a consistent fit of the European Photon Imaging Camera (EPIC) and Reflexion Grating Spectrometer (RGS) spectra. The lines seen in the RGS spectrum have a temperature of maximum emissivity between 0.18 and 1.4 keV. The EPIC and RGS spectra are best fitted by a non-equilibrium model consisting of a bremsstrahlung continuum at 2.2 +/- 0.1 keV and a number of independent emission lines. Our tests also suggest that an overabundance in nitrogen by a factor of ~6 might be indicated to best represent the RGS spectrum.

On the other hand, a short-term variability study of the light curves of the system indicates that the X-ray flux of Plaskett's star did not display any significant variability during our observation. This result holds for all time-scales investigated here (from a few minutes to about one hour). Combining our XMM-Newton data with ROSAT archival observations, we find, however, a significant variability on the orbital time-scale. If this behaviour is indeed phase locked, it suggests a minimum in the X-ray flux when the primary star is in front. This might be attributed to an occultation of the colliding wind region by the body of the primary.

Finally, 71 other X-ray sources have been detected in the field around Plaskett's star and most of them have a near-infrared (near-IR) counterpart with colours that are consistent with those of slightly reddened main-sequence objects. Actually, a sizeable fraction of the X-ray sources in the EPIC images could be either foreground or background sources with no direct connection to HD 47129.

Based on observations obtained with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA.

E-mail: linder@astro.ulg.ac.be (NL), rauw@astro.ulg.ac.be (GR) ‡

Research Associate FNRS, Belgium.