Fragmented atomic shell around S187 H II region and its interaction with molecular and ionized gas

Abstract

The environment of S187, a nearby H II region (1.4 ± 0.3 kpc), is analyzed. A surrounding shell has been studied in the H I line, molecular lines, and also in infrared and radio continua. We report the first evidence of a clumpy H I environment in its photodissociation region. A background radio galaxy enables the estimation of the properties of cold atomic gas. The estimated atomic mass fraction of the shell is ~260 M_⊙, the median spin temperature is ~50 K, the shell size is ~4 pc with typical wall width around 0.2 pc. The atomic shell consists of ~100 fragments. The fragment sizes correlate with mass with a power-law index of 2.39-2.50. The S187 shell has a complex kinematical structure, including the expanding quasi-spherical layer, molecular envelope, an atomic sub-bubble inside the shell and two dense cores (S187 SE and S187 NE) at different stages of evolution. The atomic sub-bubble inside the shell is young, contains a Class II young stellar object and OH maser in the centre and the associated YSOs in the walls of the bubble. S187 SE and S187 NE have similar masses (~1200 and ~900 M_⊙, respectively). S187 SE is embedded into the atomic shell and has a number of associated objects, including high-mass protostars, outflows, maser sources, and other indicators of ongoing star formation. No YSOs inside S187 NE were detected, but indications of compression and heating by the H II region exist.