Probing Intra-Halo Light with Galaxy Stacking in CIBER Images

Abstract

We study the stellar halos of 0.2 ≲ z ≲ 0.5 galaxies with stellar masses spanning M_* ~ 10^10.5 to 10¹²M_⊙ (approximately L_* galaxies at this redshift) using imaging data from the Cosmic Infrared Background Experiment (CIBER). A previous CIBER fluctuation analysis suggested that intra-halo light (IHL) contributes a significant portion of the near-infrared extragalactic background light (EBL), the integrated emission from all sources throughout cosmic history. In this work, we carry out a stacking analysis with a sample of ~30,000 Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometric galaxies from CIBER images in two near-infrared bands (1.1 and 1.8 μm) to directly probe the IHL associated with these galaxies. We stack galaxies in five sub-samples split by brightness and detect an extended galaxy profile beyond the instrument point-spread function (PSF) derived by stacking stars. We jointly fit a model for the inherent galaxy light profile plus large-scale one- and two-halo clustering to measure the extended galaxy IHL. We detect nonlinear one-halo clustering in the 1.8 μm band at a level consistent with numerical simulations. By extrapolating the fraction of extended galaxy light we measure to all galaxy mass scales, we find ~30%/15% of the total galaxy light budget from galaxies is at radius r > 10/20 kpc, respectively. These results are new at near-infrared wavelengths at the L_* mass scale and suggest that the IHL emission and one-halo clustering could have appreciable contributions to the amplitude of large-scale EBL background fluctuations.