TOI-1130: A photodynamical analysis of a hot Jupiter in resonance with an inner low-mass planet
Mustill, A. J.; Dai, F.; Gandolfi, D.; Hirano, T.; Korth, J.; Grziwa, S.; Hatzes, A. P.; Smith, A. M. S.; Butler, R. P.; Crane, J. D.; Palle, E.; Persson, C. M.; Teske, J. K.; Van Eylen, V.; Vanderburg, A.; Winn, J. N.; Knudstrup, E.; Rowden, P.; Horne, K.; Serrano, L. M.; Collins, K. A.; Collins, K. I.; Conti, D. M.; Deeg, H. J.; Esposito, M.; Jenkins, J. M.; Luque, R.; Muresan, A.; Osborne, H. L. M.; Rodler, F.; Seager, S.; Rose, M.; Mathur, S.; Barkaoui, K.; Latham, D. W.; Schwarz, R. P.; Vanderspek, R.; Burke, C. J.; Huang, C. X.; Murgas, F.; Abe, L.; Lodieu, N.; Srdoc, G.; Kabáth, P.; Kielkopf, J. F.; Rodriguez, J. E.; Guillot, T.; Livingston, J.; Beck, P. G.; Quinn, S. N.; Shporer, A.; Wang, S. X.; Šubjak, J.; Stockdale, C.; Tan, T. -G.; Evans, P.; Shectman, S. A.; Albrecht, S. H.; Alqasim, A.; Howard, S.; Ataiee, S.; Sha, L.
Sweden, Italy, Czech Republic, Germany, United States, France, Iran, Spain, Chile, Denmark, United Kingdom, Belgium, Austria, Japan, Australia, Croatia, China
Abstract
The TOI-1130 is a known planetary system around a K-dwarf consisting of a gas giant planet, TOI-1130 c on an 8.4-day orbit that is accompanied by an inner Neptune-sized planet, TOI-1130 b, with an orbital period of 4.1 days. We collected precise radial velocity (RV) measurements of TOI-1130 with the HARPS and PFS spectrographs as part of our ongoing RV follow-up program. We performed a photodynamical modeling of the HARPS and PFS RVs, along with transit photometry from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and the TESS Follow-up Observing Program (TFOP). We determined the planet masses and radii of TOI-1130 b and TOI-1130 c to be Mb = 19.28 ± 0.97M⊕ and Rb = 3.56 ± 0.13 R⊕, and Mc = 325.59 ± 5.59M⊕ and Rc = 13.32−1.41+1.55 R⊕, respectively. We have spectroscopically confirmed the existence of TOI-1130 b, which had previously only been validated. We find that the two planets have orbits with small eccentricities in a 2:1 resonant configuration. This is the first known system with a hot Jupiter and an inner lower mass planet locked in a mean-motion resonance. TOI-1130 belongs to the small, yet growing population of hot Jupiters with an inner low-mass planet that poses a challenge to the pathway scenario for hot Jupiter formation. We also detected a linear RV trend that is possibly due to the presence of an outer massive companion.
Based on observations made with ESO 3.6-m telescope at La Silla Observatory under programme IDs 1102.C-0923 and 60.A-9709. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 meter Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile.