Three Warm Jupiters around Solar-analog Stars Detected with TESS
Trifonov, Trifon; Henning, Thomas; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Jordán, Andrés; Brahm, Rafael; Hobson, Melissa J.; Eberhardt, Jan; Rojas, Felipe I.; Espinoza, Nestor; Schlecker, Martin; Ziegler, Carl; Watanabe, David; Seager, Sara; Winn, Joshua N.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Barkaoui, Khalid; Boyle, Gavin; Guillot, Tristan; Abe, Lyu; Günther, Maximilian N.; Suarez, Olga; Shporer, Avi; Leiva, Rodrigo; Evans, Phil; Schwarz, Richard P.; Sarkis, Paula; Striegel, Stephanie; Thorngren, Daniel; Fong, William; Suc, Vincent; Falk, Ben; Tala Pinto, Marcelo; Burn, Remo; Dunckel, Nick; Rudat, Alexander
Germany, Chile, Bulgaria, United States, Belgium, Spain, France, United Kingdom, Netherlands
Abstract
We report the discovery and characterization of three giant exoplanets orbiting solar-analog stars, detected by the TESS space mission and confirmed through ground-based photometry and radial velocity measurements taken at La Silla observatory with FEROS. TOI-2373 b is a warm Jupiter orbiting its host star every ~13.3 days, and is one of the most massive known exoplanet with a precisely determined mass and radius around a star similar to the Sun, with an estimated mass of m p = ${9.3}_{-0.2}^{+0.2}\,{M}_{\mathrm{jup}}$ and a radius of r p = ${0.93}_{-0.2}^{+0.2}\,{R}_{\mathrm{jup}}$ . With a mean density of $\rho ={14.4}_{-1.0}^{+0.9}\,{\rm{g}}\,{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}$ , TOI-2373 b is among the densest planets discovered so far. TOI-2416 b orbits its host star on a moderately eccentric orbit with a period of ~8.3 days and an eccentricity of e = ${0.32}_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$ . TOI-2416 b is more massive than Jupiter with m p = ${3.0}_{-0.09}^{+0.10}\,{M}_{\mathrm{jup}}$ , however is significantly smaller with a radius of r p = ${0.88}_{-0.02}^{+0.02},{R}_{\mathrm{jup}}$ , leading to a high mean density of $\rho ={5.4}_{-0.3}^{+0.3}\,{\rm{g}}\,{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}$ . TOI-2524 b is a warm Jupiter near the hot Jupiter transition region, orbiting its star every ~7.2 days on a circular orbit. It is less massive than Jupiter with a mass of m p = ${0.64}_{-0.04}^{+0.04}\,{M}_{\mathrm{jup}}$ , and is consistent with an inflated radius of r p = ${1.00}_{-0.03}^{+0.02}\,{R}_{\mathrm{jup}}$ , leading to a low mean density of $\rho ={0.79}_{-0.08}^{+0.08}\,{\rm{g}}\,{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}$ . The newly discovered exoplanets TOI-2373 b, TOI-2416 b, and TOI-2524 b have estimated equilibrium temperatures of ${860}_{-10}^{+10}$ K, ${1080}_{-10}^{+10}$ K, and ${1100}_{-20}^{+20}$ K, respectively, placing them in the sparsely populated transition zone between hot and warm Jupiters. *Based on observations collected at the European Organization for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under MPG programmes 0104.A-9007(A) and 0106.A-9014(A).