Multiwavelength detection of an ongoing FUOr-type outburst on a low-mass YSO
Minniti, D.; Bayo, A.; Alonso-García, J.; Lucas, P. W.; Miller, N.; Borissova, J.; Smith, L.; Guo, Zhen; Caratti o Garatti, A.; Contreras Peña, C.; Kurtev, R. G.; Morris, C.; Jose, J.; Elbakyan, Vardan; Ashraf, M.; Muthu, H. D. S.
Chile, United Kingdom, Germany, Russia, Italy, Ireland, South Korea, Vatican City, Brazil, India
Abstract
During the pre-main-sequence evolution, Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) assemble most of their mass during the episodic accretion process. The rarely seen FUOr-type events are valuable laboratories to investigate the outbursting nature of YSOs. Here, we present multiwavelength detection of a high-amplitude eruptive source in the young open cluster VdBH 221 with an ongoing outburst, including optical to mid-infrared time series and near-infrared spectra. The initial outburst has an exceptional amplitude of >6.3 mag in Gaia and 4.6 mag in Ks, with a peak luminosity up to 16 L⊙ and a peak mass accretion rate of 1.4 × 10-5 M⊙ yr-1. The optical to infrared spectral energy distribution of this object is consistent with a low-mass star (0.2 M⊙) with a modest extinction (AV < 2 mag). A 100-d delay between optical and infrared rising stages is detected, suggesting an outside-in origin of the instability. The spectroscopic features of this object reveal a self-luminous accretion disc, very similar to FU Orionis, with a low line-of-sight extinction. Most recently, there has been a gradual increase in brightness throughout the wavelength range, possibly suggesting an enhancement of the mass accretion rate.