Kepler-730: A Hot Jupiter System with a Close-in, Transiting, Earth-sized Planet
Schneider, Donald P.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Majewski, Steven R.; Stassun, Keivan G.; Wang, Songhu; García-Hernández, D. A.; Fleming, Scott W.; Cañas, Caleb I.; Bender, Chad F.; De Lee, Nathan; Roman-Lopes, Alexandre; Hearty, Fred R.
United States, Spain, Chile
Abstract
Kepler-730 is a planetary system hosting a statistically validated hot Jupiter in a 6.49 day orbit and an additional transiting candidate in a 2.85 day orbit. We use spectroscopic radial velocities from the APOGEE-2N instrument, Robo-AO contrast curves, and Gaia distance estimates to statistically validate the planetary nature of the additional Earth-sized candidate. We perform astrophysical false positive probability calculations for the candidate using the available Kepler data and bolster the statistical validation using radial velocity data to exclude a family of possible binary star solutions. Using a radius estimate for the primary star derived from stellar models, we compute radii of {1.100}-0.050+0.047 {R}Jup} and 0.140+/- 0.012 {R}Jup} (1.57+/- 0.13 {R}\oplus ) for Kepler-730b and Kepler-730c, respectively. Kepler-730 is only the second compact system hosting a hot Jupiter with an inner, transiting planet.