Calibration of Complementary Metal-oxide-semiconductor Sensor–based Photometry to a Few-millimagnitude Precision: The Case of the Mini-SiTian Array
Huang, Yang; Liu, Jifeng; Beers, Timothy C.; Huang, Bowen; Yuan, Haibo; Zheng, Chuanjie; Xiao, Kai; Wu, Hong; Xu, Shuai; Yang, Lin; Gu, Hongrui; Li, Zhirui; Sun, Yongkang; He, Min; Mao, Yongna; Ma, Mingyang; Wang, Beichuan
China, United States
Abstract
We present a pioneering achievement in the high-precision photometric calibration of CMOS-based photometry, by application of the Gaia Blue Photometer or Red Photometer (XP) spectra–based synthetic photometry method to the mini-SiTian array (MST) photometry. Through 79 repeated observations of the f02 field on the night, we find good internal consistency in the calibrated MST GMST-band magnitudes for relatively bright stars, with a precision of about 4 mmag for GMST ∼ 13. Results from more than 30 different nights (over 3100 observations) further confirm this internal consistency, indicating that the 4 mmag precision is stable and achievable over timescales of months. An independent external validation using spectroscopic data from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope DR10 and high-precision photometric data using CCDs from Gaia DR3 reveals a zero-point consistency better than 1 mmag. Our results clearly demonstrate that CMOS photometry is on par with CCD photometry for high-precision results, highlighting the significant capabilities of CMOS cameras in astronomical observations, especially for large-scale telescope survey arrays.