The problem of the barium stars.

Abstract

The authors report on ultraviolet observations of barium stars and other cool stars with peculiar element abundances. Those observations attempted to find hot white dwarf companions. Among six real barium stars studied, only ζ Cap was found to have a white dwarf companion. Among seven mild, or marginal, barium stars studied, at least three were found to have hot subluminous companions. It is likely that all of them have white dwarf companions.