Galaxy Candidates at z ~ 10 in Archival Data from the Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies (BORG[z8]) Survey
Treu, T.; Mason, C. A.; Trenti, M.; Oesch, P. A.; Wu, J. F.; Stiavelli, M.; Bouwens, R. J.; Schmidt, K. B.; Carrasco, D.; Bradley, L. D.; Bernard, S. R.; Calvi, V.
Australia, United States, Germany, Netherlands
Abstract
The Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) enabled the search for the first galaxies observed at z ∼ 8-11 (500-700 Myr after the Big Bang). To continue quantifying the number density of the most luminous galaxies (M AB ∼ -22.0) at the earliest epoch observable with HST, we search for z ∼ 10 galaxies (F125W-dropouts) in archival data from the Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies (BoRG[z8]) survey, originally designed for detection of z ∼ 8 galaxies (F098M-dropouts). By focusing on the deepest 293 arcmin2 of the data along 62 independent lines of sight, we identify six z ∼ 10 candidates satisfying the color selection criteria, detected at S/N > 8 in F160W with M AB = -22.8 to -21.1 if at z = 10. Three of the six sources, including the two brightest, are in a single WFC3 pointing (∼4 arcmin2), suggestive of significant clustering, which is expected from bright galaxies at z ∼ 10. However, the two brightest galaxies are too extended to be likely at z ∼ 10, and one additional source is unresolved and possibly a brown dwarf. The remaining three candidates have m AB ∼ 26, and given the area and completeness of our search, our best estimate is a number density of sources that is marginally higher but consistent at 2σ with searches in legacy fields. Our study highlights that z ∼ 10 searches can yield a small number of candidates, making tailored follow-ups of HST pure-parallel observations viable and effective.