First observation of a mini-magnetosphere above a lunar magnetic anomaly using energetic neutral atoms
Barabash, Stas; Holmström, Mats; Futaana, Yoshifumi; Wieser, Martin; Asamura, Kazushi; Wurz, Peter; Bhardwaj, Anil; Sridharan, R.; Dhanya, M. B.; Schaufelberger, Audrey
Sweden, India, Switzerland, Japan
Abstract
The Sub-keV Atom Reflecting Analyzer (SARA) instrument on the Indian Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft has produced for the first time an image of a lunar magnetic anomaly in backscattered hydrogen atoms. The image shows that a partial void of the solar wind, a mini-magnetosphere, is formed above the strong magnetic anomaly near the Crisium antipode. The mini-magnetosphere is 360 km across at the surface and is surrounded by a 300-km-thick region of enhanced plasma flux that results from the solar wind flowing around the mini-magnetosphere. The mini-magnetosphere is visible only in hydrogen atoms with energy exceeding 150 eV. Fluxes with energies below 100 eV do not show corresponding spatial variations. While the high-energy atoms result from the backscattering process, the origin of the low-energy component is puzzling. These observations reveal a new class of objects, mini-magnetospheres, and demonstrate a new observational technique to study airless bodies, imaging in backscattered neutral atoms.