Radio Sources Embedded in the Dense Core B59, the ``Mouthpiece'' of the Pipe Nebula

Abstract

We present Very Large Array continuum observations made at 8.3 GHz toward the dense core B59, in the Pipe Nebula. We detect six compact sources, of which five are associated with the five most luminous sources at 70 μm in the region, while the remaining one is probably a background source. We propose that the radio emission is free-free from the ionized outflows present in these protostars. We discuss the kinematical impact of these winds in the cloud. We also propose that these winds are optically thick in radio but optically thin in X-rays, and that this feature can explain why X-rays from the magnetosphere are detected in three of them, while the radio emission is probably dominated by the free-free emission from the external layers of the wind.