Anomalous Cosmic Rays
Klecker, B.; Baring, M. G.; Leske, R. A.; Mewaldt, R. A.; Lanzerotti, L. J.; Giacalone, J.; Bieber, J. W.; Cummings, A. C.; McKibben, R. B.; Marsden, R. G.; Trattner, K. J.; Jokipii, J. R.; Lee, M. A.; Krainev, M. B.; Drury, L.; Jones, F. C.; Le Roux, J. A.; McDonald, F. B.; Steenberg, C. D.; Ellison, D. C.; Mazur, J. E.; Moraal, H.; Oetliker, M.; Ptuskin, V. S.; Selesnick, R. S.
Germany, United States, Ireland, Russia, Netherlands, South Africa, United Kingdom
Abstract
We review the observed properties of anomalous cosmic rays and the present status of our knowledge of the processes by which they originate. We compiled a comprehensive set of ACR energy spectral data from various spacecraft throughout the heliosphere during the passes of Ulysses over the poles of the Sun and present first results of a detailed modeling effort. In several contributions, we discuss the questions of injection and possible pre-acceleration of pickup ions, summarize new observations on the ionic charge composition, and present new results on the composition of minor ions in ACRs.