Modelling Cosmic Ray Element Spectra and Ionization in the Ionospheres and Atmospheres of Terrestrial and Jovian Planets

Abstract

The galactic (GCRs) and anomalous (ACRs) cosmic rays form the lower parts of the planetary ionospheres. For this purpose analytical and numerical spectra for cosmic particles are necessary. Our knowledge of GCR modulation in the solar system was greatly enhanced thanks to the heliospheric missions, Voyagers 1 and 2, Pioneer 10 and Ulysses. In this paper, a new model for the calculation of the GCR and ACR element differential spectra D(E) on the basis of satellite measurements is created. This computed analytical model gives a practical possibility for investigation of experimental data from measurements of GCR and ACR component. The contribution of GCRs and ACRs to the ionization of the atmospheres of outer planets Uranus, Neptune and Pluto increases drastically.