Telescope control software and proto-model siderostat for the SDSS-V Local Volume Mapper

Abstract

The fifth Sloan Digital Sky Survey Local Volume Mapper (LVM) is a wide-field integral field unit survey that uses an array of four 160 mm fixed telescopes with siderostats to minimize the number of moving parts. An individual telescope observes the science or calibration field independently and is synchronized with the science exposure. We developed the LVM Acquisition and Guiding Package (LVMAGP)-optimized telescope control software program for LVM observations, which can simultaneously control four focusers, three K-mirrors, one fiber selector, four mounts (siderostats), and seven guide cameras. This software is built on a hierarchical architecture and the SDSS framework and provides three key sequences: autofocus, field acquisition, and autoguide. We designed and fabricated a proto-model siderostat to test the telescope pointing model and LVMAGP software. The mirrors of the proto-model were designed as an isogrid open-back type, which reduced the weight by 46% and enabled reaching thermal equilibrium quickly. In addition, deflection due to bolting torque, self-gravity, and thermal deformation was simulated, and the maximum scatter of the pointing model induced by the tilt of optomechanics was predicted to be 4'.4, which can be compensated for by the field acquisition sequence. We performed a real sky test of LVMAGP with the proto-model siderostat and obtained field acquisition and autoguide accuracies of 0″.38 and 1″.5, respectively. It met all requirements except for the autoguide specification, which will be resolved by more precise alignment among the hardware components at Las Campanas Observatory.

The fabrication of the proto-model siderostat was supported by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute under the R&D program (Project No. 2022-1-860-03) supervised by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT).

SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration, including the Carnegie Institution for Science, Chilean National Time Allocation Committee (CNTAC) ratified researchers, the Gotham Participation Group, Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University, L'Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Nanjing University, National Astronomical Observatories of China (NAOC), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), the Stellar Astrophysics Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Toronto, University of Utah, University of Virginia, and Yale University.

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His current research interests include software engineering for simulation and control of astronomical instrumentation. </bio> <bio id="b3"> Changgon Kim is a PhD student at Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea. He received his BS degree in astronomy and space science from the same university in 2021. His current research interests include astronomical instrumentation, control software, infrared optical design, optical photon simulation, and optical telescopes for space satellites. </bio> <bio id="b4"> Soojong Pak is a professor in the Department of Astronomy and Space Science at Kyung Hee University. He has participated in various astronomical instrumentation and observation projects. His current research projects include the development of instrument control software for the IGRINS, GMTNIRS, and SDSS-V/LVM and optical modules for the MATS and other space satellites. </bio> <bio content-type="general"> Biographies of the other authors are not available. </bio> </back> </article